English Stylistics by Zeki Hamawand

of what they see there. For example, a person may be described as either thrifty or stingy , both describe someone who wants to save money but differ in terms of their emotional background. The first is a compliment, whereas the second is an insult. 5. The selection of a particular choice by a writer is influenced by certain cognitive principles, which are responsible for producing different linguistic structures. Conceptualizations of the world are reflected in stylistic structures. Each structure serves a different communicative need. Stylistic options are motivated by the needs of discourse. For example, in She arrived at the factory , the writer conceptualizes an action and scans it sequentially, and so uses the verb arrive . In her arrival at the factory , the writer conceptualizes a thing and scans it in summary, and so uses the noun arrival . Goals 1. Stylistics assists readers to understand the very language system in a given style. It tells them about the rules of the language because it often explores texts where those rules are applied. In this way, stylistics helps readers to increase knowledge of language use, improve their literacy competence, and use language effectively in oral and written communication. For example, some writers use tautology , repeating the same thing in different words, as in They arrived one after the other in succession . This style is not acceptable because one after the other and in succession means the same. 2. Stylistics serves to exp